Cyber Security is the field that deals with protecting computer systems and networks from various types of threats. In practice, this means protecting data, systems, networks and programs from digital attacks designed to access, alter or destroy sensitive information, interrupt normal business operations or defraud.
This role involves monitoring networks and systems for potential threats, as well as developing policies and procedures to ensure data security.
A cyber security engineer designs and implements security systems that help protect an organization from cyber attacks. He or she is also often involved in investigating and fixing any security vulnerabilities.
Often referred to as a "white hat," a penetration tester attempts to break into systems to find and fix security vulnerabilities against potential attacks.
A CISO is a top management person who is responsible for an organization's overall cybersecurity strategy.